BLAINE ON TRIAL - The Center for Education Reform

144 YEARS IN THE MAKING

On June 30, 2020 the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed the right of parents to direct the education of their children

WHAT
Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue — one of the most monumental education and civil rights cases to be heard before the U.S. Supreme Court in decades

BREAKING NEWS

Expert Legal Analysis Outlines Path for States
Making the Most of Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue to Advance Education Opportunity
The Center for Education Reform (CER) and The Foundation for Excellence in Education (ExcelinEd) released a joint analysis on November 12, 2020 authored by Kirkland and Ellis partner and former Solicitor General Paul Clement which addresses the route for states to remove “barriers to restrictions on educational choices that are rooted in religious discrimination.” Read the report here.

BACKGROUND ON BLAINE AND ESPINOZA

Read the Full Report “A Memorandum: Making the Most of Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue to Advance Education Opportunity” (November 2020)

“Why The Supreme Court Ruling Against An Obscure 19th Century Act Of Bigotry Will Improve Education For Millions” (Forbes, July 2020)

Watch: Espinoza: Implications
and What’s Next?

The Bigotry of Blaine No More (National Catholic Register, July 2, 2020)

A Decision 144 Years In the Making: Get All the Latest Coverage

JUNE 30, 2020 Press Release: The Supreme Court Just Struck Down Discrimination In Education

Laws Across the Country Are Keeping Parents From Making Choices About Their Kids’ Education. The Supreme Court Should Strike Them Down (TIME, January 2020

Text of amicus brief filed by CER in support of Espinoza

“The Problem With The Blaine Amendment” by Jeanne Allen (The Huffington Post, August 2017)

Parent Choice on Trial: #SCOTUS & Blaine Amendments, with Attorney Paul Clement(Reality Check with Jeanne Allen)

Fox & Friends: Interest of the Parents should be Paramount in School Voucher Case

WHY IT REALLY MATTERS

Throughout the United States, 37 state constitutions had “Blaine Amendments” — named after 19th century Congressman James Blaine nearly 150 years ago — that unfairly prohibited aid to religiously affiliated schools that could otherwise be given to secular schools. Because of these Amendments, thousands of lower-income families were denied the ability to give their children the best education possible. In Montana, students who had been thriving at their chosen schools tragically saw their academic journeys disrupted. Each case marked a shameful assault on parental rights, equality of opportunity, freedom of choice, and, of course, the First Amendment itself. But here’s the awful truth: that’s why Blaine Amendments were written in the first place! It’s sad but true. During the height of the Know-Nothing Era in the 1800s, the Blaine Amendment was specifically designed to target and forcibly assimilate new immigrants to the U.S. who held non-Protestant religious beliefs by preventing them from attending their own schools. While it failed at the federal level, it was adopted by dozens of states. And while they were originally aimed mainly at Catholics, they were eventually used to hurt the entire faith-based education community and those it serves. Across the nation, Blaine Amendments egregiously gave license to local government authorities to hinder parents from doing what they know in their hearts is best for their kids. And with each day these outdated products of prejudice were allowed to stay on the books, more and more students were put at risk. That’s why CER believed that Kendra Espinoza and the other mothers in this case were absolutely right to fight this state-sponsored discrimination in the name of their kids’ futures, along with those of so many others.[ Read the friend-of-the-court brief we proudly filed in support of their case here. ]

Thankfully, our nation’s highest court had an opportunity to right this past wrong and finally buried this “doctrine borne of bigotry” – as the Court called it – saving the educational successes that were in jeopardy in Montana and throughout the nation. Justice prevailed and the Blaine Amendment was overruled, empowering countless underserved American students to be given new opportunities to obtain and continue a quality education of their parents’ choosing without fear of having it taken from them.

Stay Informed – Everything You Need To Know

On Espinoza
Comprehensive background (Institute for Justice)

Case summary (Becket Fund)

Information on petitioners (Institute for Justice)
         Kendra Espinoza
         Jeri Anderson
         Jaime Schaefer

Video overview

Pro-Espinoza amicus briefs (SCOTUSBlog)
        Agudath Israel of America
        Alliance for Choice in Education
        The Honorable Scott Walker
        EdChoice, et al

On Blaine Amendments
Fact Sheet:Educational Freedom Gets its Biggest Day in Court Yet

FAQ about Blaine Amendments (including history and current status) (Institutes for Justice)

Report by U.S. Commission on Civil Rights: “School Choice: The Blaine Amendments and Anti-Catholicism”

Blaine Amendments and the Unconstitutionality of Excluding Religious Options From School Choice Programs (Federalist Society)

Video overview (Federalist Society)

Founded in 1993 the Center for Education Reform aims to expand educational opportunities that lead to improved economic outcomes for all Americans — particularly our youth — ensuring that conditions are ripe for innovation, freedom and flexibility throughout U.S. education.